anatamoy and physiology pre test3

The basic unit of biological organisation is the …………..?

The body system responsible for maintaining sexual characteristics and the perpetuation of our species is the………?

The study of the diseases of the body is known as ……….?

The site of protein synthesis is in the ………..?

The process of cellular reproduction that occurs in the nucleus, forming two identical nuclei, is known as ………….?

The epithelial cells that are flat and slightly irregular in shape, serving as a protective layer are called…………………?

The formation of platelets of red and white blood cells within the red bone marrow is known as……….?

The main muscle used in breathing is the …………….?

The simplest pathway able to receive a stimulus, enter the central nervous system for immediate interpretation and produce a response known as a ……………?

Nerve cell bodies that are found outside the central nervous system are generally grouped together to form ………….?

The liquid portion of blood is………?

The circulation of blood to all organs of all the systems of the body is known as………………?

Oxygenated blood loses carbon dioxide in the lungs and picks up oxygen and returns to the left atrium of the heart via the four pulmonary veins in a circulation route called……..?

A condition caused by progressive weakening of the myocardium and failure of the heart to pump adequate amounts of blood is known as………………?

Chemicals released by sensitised T lymphocytes to keep us healthy are known as……………?

The medical term for swelling is………?

Approximately 80% of all absorption of nutrients in the ……?

The medical term for an excessive amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood is ………………..?

Diabetes mellitus is caused from a deficiency in the hormone……..?

A condition of clot formation is called……………?

When plasma moves out of the capillaries and into the spaces between tissue cells it is called…………….?

A tumour of lymphatic tissue that is usually malignant is called a……………..?

Lymph nodes are also called…………….?

A chronic inflammation bowel disease of unknown origin with symptoms of diarrhoea, severe abdominal pain, fever, chills, nausea, weakness, anorexia and weight loss is known as…………?

The term used for swallowing is…………………?

The projections on the tongue that produce its rough surface are known as……………….?

Digestion involves which of following processes?

Identify the correct order of the alimentary canal (alimentary tract), from beginning to end:

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ to digestion?

What are the ‘biological catalysts’ in digestive juices which speed up the chemical reactions of digestion?

The first stage of digestion begins in the mouth (the buccal cavity) and requires chewing and saliva to begin the process. Salivary glands produce secretions containing which enzyme?

What type of food begins to be digested in the mouth?

Intestinal juices are released by the glands of:

After chewing, the food becomes bolus and is ready to be swallowed. Which structures in the mouth prevents the bolus from entering the nasal cavity while swallowing?

The pharynx is a common channel with seven openings: mouth, oesophagus, larynx, 2 nose and 2 ear. When the muscles of the pharynx contract in a swallowing action, which structure prevents food from entering the larynx?

Which lubricative substance makes food easier to swallow?

Food is propelled down the oesophagus towards the stomach by peristalsis. What is peristalsis?

Which structure controls the entry of food from the oesophagus into the stomach?

Which of the following stomach secretions is a hormone?

How long does food stay in the stomach?

When food is ready to leave the stomach it has become a thick, liquid mixture called:

What are the minute projections that line the inner walls of the small intestine called?

Into which part of the alimentary tract does bile enter?

The final breakdown of proteins results in:

Fat is not digested until it reaches the small intestine. What breaks fat down?

What do faeces consist of?

Where are faeces stored before expulsion from the body?

What is the bend of the colon known as?

In which section of the alimentary tract does peristalsis occur?

The liver is the largest gland in the body, a complex organ with over 70 functions. Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

Bile is a thick, alkaline liquid that is produced in the liver as a result of:

What is Vitamin K essential for?

Of the several types of cirrhosis of the liver, portal cirrhosis is the most common and is usually caused by:

What is the cause of Coeliac disease?