Cells and Tissues

Which of the following terms is given to the study of the structures of the human body and its various parts, one to another?

homeostasis
metabolism
anatomy
physiology

The study of tissues is known as:

physiology
anatomy
pathology
histology

The study of the functions of the body’s systems is known as:

anatomy
physiology
histology
pathology

The structures of the human body work in harmony with one another to maintain a stable environment, which ensures the well-being of the whole body. This process is called:

physiology
metabolism
homeostasis
anatomy

Which of the following statements is true?

a cell is the smallest particle that exists
cells are the smallest living organisms to show the characteristics of life
cells combine to form molecules
two or more atoms join together to form a cell

Identify the sequence in the structure of the human body evolves:

cells, atoms and molecules, organs, tissues, systems
tissues, cells, atoms and molecules, organs, systems
atoms and molecules, cells, tissues, organs, systems
atoms and molecules, tissues, cells, organs, systems

Which of the following elements makes up the largest percentage of a cell?

water
nitrogen
oxygen
potassium

The small cellular structures within each cell which form when molecules combine in specific ways are called:

organs
organisms
atoms
organelles

As cells become damaged and die, they are repaired and replaced by a process of cell division called:

meiosis
metaphase
mitosis
none of the above

Within each cell there is a gel-like substance which contains the nucleus and organelles. This is called:

cytoplasm
protoplasm
nucleoplasm
DNA

The process in which an egg is fertilised by a sperm, forming a zygote, is called:

mitosis
meiosis
metaphase
metabolism

The nucleus of the cell is responsible for:

nearly all metabolic activities
regulating the growth, development and function of the cell
both a) and b)
neither a) or b)

The organelles which provide the cell with the power needed to create energy are called:

nucleus
lysosome
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum

The organelle which encloses each cell protects its contents and maintains its shape is called:

cell membrane
chromatin
nuclear membrane
Golgi body

Which cells produce movement?

nerve cells
muscle cells
bone cells
cartilage cells

How many pairs of chromosomes does each human cell have?

20 pairs
46 pairs
23 pairs
32 pairs

The molecules described as the body’s blueprint is called:

DNA
nucleus
RNA
mitochondria

Which small spherical organelles are associated with the reproduction of new cells?

centrosomes
centrioles
chromatids
entromeres

Chondrocytes are cells which produce:

bone
tendons
cartilage
ligaments

The function of ribosomes is:

to transport proteins out of the cell
to store proteins
to digest proteins
to manufacture proteins

The function within each cell known as lysis is:

to destroy waste and worn-out cell materials
the exchange of waste materials
the exchange of nutrients
to store substances

Which of the following cells are unable to reproduce by means of mitosis and meiosis?

lymphoid cells
muscle cells
nerve cells
blood cells

Small molecules move through the cell membrane from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration to create balance by a process called:

filtration
diffusion
active transport
osmosis

The process in which water moves through the cell membrane from low to high chemical concentration is called:

osmosis
filtration
active transport
diffusion

The process which uses chemical energy to transport larger molecules through the cell membrane is called:

diffusion
osmosis
filtration
active transport

The process in which differences in pressure enables the movement of water and dissolved substances across the cell membrane is called:

active transport
diffusion
filtration
osmosis

When cells work together in groups of similar cells to perform specific functions, form:

tissues
organs
cells
atoms

The hardest and most solid type of connective tissue is:

cartilage
tendons
ligaments
bone

Which type of tissue is in a constant state of repair and renewal?

epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscle tissue
nervous tissue

Which type of tissue is most abundant in the body?

nervous tissue
muscle tissue
connective tissue
epithelial tissue

What is the main function of compound epithelium?

to move particles
speedy absorption and secretion
to protect underlying structures
diffusion

Body cavities, blood vessels and organs are lined with which type of tissue?

connective tissue
epithelial tissue
serous tissue
nervous tissue

Stratified keratinised epithelium can be found where?

the surface of the skin
lining the oesophagus
lining blood vessels
the surface of bone

Mucous is secreted in which type of epithelial tissue?

squamous epithelium
ciliated epithelium
columnar epithelium
transitional epithelium

Fat is stored in which type of connective tissue?

yellow elastic tissue
areolar tissue
white fibrous tissue
adipose tissue

Ligaments are made of white fibrous tissue in order to:

to give elasticity
to pad joints
to provide strong attachment between structures
to support organs

The hardest and most solid type of connective tissue is:

ligaments
tendons
cartilage
none of the above

If you damage the connective tissues listed below, which one will take the longest to heal?

cartilage
ligaments
bone
tendon

Lymphoid tissue is made up of special cells called:

lymphocytes
fibrocytes
adipocytes
leucocytes

Blood contains which of the following cells:

leucocytes
erythrocytes
thrombocytes
all of the above

Endocrine glands are made from what type of tissue?

lymphoid
epithelial tissue
adipose tissue
muscle tissue

In which part of the body do the hair like projections of ciliated epithelium move in a wave-like motion to carry away unwanted particles?

in the kidney tubules
in the eyes
in the respiratory system
in the pancreas

The small and large intestine are lined with which type of epithelium?

columnar epithelium
cubical epithelium
squamous epithelium
ciliated epithelium

The most widely distributed type of connective tissue in the body is:

epithelial tissue
adipose tissue
areolar tissue
white fibrous tissue

Of all the types of cartilage listed below, which is the most abundant and found between bones, at joints:

elastic cartilage
fibrocartilage
yellow elastic fibrocartilage
hyaline cartilage

Which type of cartilage is found as pads in the intervertebral discs of the spine?

white fibrous cartilage
fibrocartilage
yellow elastic fibrocartilage
hyaline cartilage

Muscle tissue is made up of bundles of:

smooth glossy tissue
contractile fibres
collagenous white fibres
elastic fibres

The areas where the body opens to the outside world, such as the nose, are lined with which of the following membranes?

serous membranes
mucous membranes
synovial membranes
epithelial membranes

Membranes that line freely moveable joint cavities are called:

synovial membranes
mucous membranes
epithelial membranes
serous membranes

Membranes that line body cavities that are not open to the external environment are called:

synovial membranes
epithelial membranes
mucous membranes
serous membranes

Cells and Tissues

Cells and Tissues

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