The Digestive System

Digestion involves which of following processes?

Identify the correct order of the alimentary canal (alimentary tract), from beginning to end:

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ to digestion?

need to have a thorough understanding of the meaning and pronunciation of the key terms related to digestion on page 288 of Helen McGuinness text. Why does the human body need food?

The human body needs a balanced diet for optimum nutrition, consisting of proteins, carbohydrates, fibre, fats, minerals, vitamins and:

What are the ‘biological catalysts’ in digestive juices which speed up the chemical reactions of digestion?

The first stage of digestion begins in the mouth (the buccal cavity) and requires chewing and saliva to begin the process. Salivary glands produce secretions containing which enzyme?

How many salivary glands are there in the mouth?

What type of food begins to be digested in the mouth?

Which of the following is a word given to the chewing action?

The teeth are accessory organs of the digestive system – which teeth grind the food?

Intestinal juices are released by the glands of:

After chewing, the food becomes bolus and is ready to be swallowed. Which structure in the mouth prevents the bolus from entering the nasal cavity while swallowing?

The pharynx is a common channel with seven openings: mouth, oesophagus, larynx, 2 nose and 2 ear. When the muscles of the pharynx contract in a swallowing action, which structure prevents food from entering the larynx?

Which lubricative substance makes food easier to swallow?

Food is propelled down the oesophagus towards the stomach by peristalsis. What is peristalsis?

Which structure controls the entry of food from the oesophagus into the stomach?

Which layer of the stomach assists the mechanical breakdown of food?

Gastric juice is secreted into the stomach from the gastric glands in the stomach wall, containing the enzymes rennin and pepsin. Pepsin is a catalyst for the breakdown of which of these foods?

Which of the following stomach secretions is a hormone?

How long does food stay in the stomach?

When food is ready to leave the stomach it has become a thick, liquid mixture called:

Where is the pyloric sphincter situated?

From the pyloric sphincter to the end of the ileum, how long is the small intestine?

What are the minute projections that line the inner walls of the small intestine called?

Which of the following is NOT a section of the small intestine?

Into which part of the alimentary tract does bile enter?

The breakdown of carbohydrates in continued in the small intestine by pancreatic amylase and their final digestion is completed by which of the following enzymes:

The final breakdown of proteins results in:

Absorption of digested food is effected by the villi of the small intestine. Which of the following statements about absorption is false?

Fat is not digested until it reaches the small intestine. What breaks fat down?

Which is the longest part of the large intestine?

What structure allows entry of undigested food into the large intestine and prevents it flowing back into the small intestine?

What do faeces consist of?

What is the function of the appendix?

Where are faeces stored before expulsion from the body?

What is the bend of the colon known as?

In which section of the alimentary tract does peristalsis occur?

Gas is a by-product of bacterial action, mainly in the large intestine. What causes the sound that is sometimes produced when ‘passing wind’ through the anus?

Which of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive system that is responsible for storing bile?

The liver is the largest gland in the body, a complex organ with over 70 functions. Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

Bile is a thick, alkaline liquid that is produced in the liver as a result of:

Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas, which enables what?

Apart from being a major gland of the endocrine system, the pancreas also produces enzymes to aid digestion. Which of the following enzymes is NOT produced in the pancreas?

What is Vitamin K essential for?

How is sulphur used by the body?

What is the name of the condition which presents with yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes due to bile being absorbed directly into the bloodstream because of a malfunctioning gall bladder or blocked bile duct?

Of the several types of cirrhosis of the liver, portal cirrhosis is the most common and is usually caused by:

What is the cause of Coeliac disease?

The chronic inflammatory bowel disease which generally affects the ileum section of the small intestine is known as: