The Lymphatic System & Immunity

What colour liquid is lymph?

red
colourless
yellow
brown

What is lymph?

tissue fluid once it has entered lymphatic vessels
blood plasma
mucous
connective tissue

Which of the following organs is NOT lymphatic?

thymus
spleen
heart
tonsils

Which of the following systems does the lymphatic system complement?

digestive
respiratory
urinary
cardiovascular

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

defending the body against disease
purification
elimination of toxins
transporting deoxygenated blood to the heart

Which of the following is not a similarity between veins and lymph vessels?

they carry oxygenated blood
they have thin, collapsible walls
they are assisted by the movement of skeletal muscles
they contain valves

Of the lymphatic organs listed below, which is responsible for filtering out worn out red blood cells?

thymus
spleen
tonsils
adenoids

What are the signs that lymph nodes are actively fighting infection?

they shrink
they swell and become tender
they secrete muscous
they pulsate

Name the cells which produce the antibodies which fight infection:

thrombocytes
erythrocytes
lymphocytes
leucocytes

In which way does lymph NOT resemble blood?

it is contained in vessels
it has a lower concentration of plasma proteins
it circulates around the body
it transports oxygen, nutrients and waste products

How does the lymphatic system prevent oedema?

it absorbs fats
it gathers up toxins
it drains tissues of excess fluid
it filters plasma proteins

Which of the following can be termed a ‘network of lymphatic channels’?

mammary plexus
palmar plexus
plantar plexus
all the above

What quantity of lymph passes into the venus system each day?

1-2 litres
2-4 litres
4-6 litres
lymph does not pass into the venus system

To prevent infection from entering the blood stream, lymph is cleansed of harmful foreign entities by being:

filtered through lymph nodes
filtered through lymph ducts
filtered through lymph vessels
filtered through lymphatic tissue

How many lymph nodes does the lymphatic system have?

approximately 1000
approximately 50
approximately 100
approximately 200

Which of the following statement is true?

lymph enters and leaves the lymph node via the same vessel
valves ensure that lymph enters and leaves the lymph node via different vessels
lymph nodes have 3 regions: inner medulla, median cortex, outer cortex
lymph nodes are round structures

After passing through at least one lymph node, where does lymph then flow toward?

blood stream
lymph ducts
heart
lungs

Which of the following is the largest lymphatic vessel in the body?

thoracic duct
right lymphatic vessel
spleen
thymus

The lymphatic system has two main ducts – these are:

thoracic and innominate
right and left lymphatic
right and left axillary
thoracic and right lymphatic

Where does lymphatic drainage begin?

venules
blood capillaries
lymphatic capillaries
lymph tissue

After collection in the lymphatic ducts, lymph is drained into the bloodstream via:

subclavian veins
superior vena cava
carotid artery
subclavian artery

The lymphatic system does not have a pump, so the movement of lymph depends on:

movement of skeletal muscles
pull of the skin and fascia during movement
breathing
all the above

The term oedema refers to what?

poor circulation
inflammation
excess fluid
swollen joints

Which lymph nodes are responsible for draining the chin, lips, nose, cheeks and tongue?

submandibular nodes
mastoid nodes
parotid nodes
superficial cervical nodes

Where are the deep cervical nodes located?

at the side of the neck
deep within the neck
at the front of the neck
along the jaw

Which areas of the body do the inguinal nodes drain?

lower limbs
external genitalia
lower abdominal wall
all the above

Which lymphatic organs are located below the tongue?

pharyngeal tonsils
palatine tonsils
lingual tonsils
none of the above

Which part of the body does NOT contain lymph nodes?

feet
neck
groin
knees

Where are the popliteal lymphatic nodes?

knee
abdomen
neck
underarm

What best defines immunity:

the body’s ability to resist and defend against infection and other impurities
the body’s ability to eliminate toxins
the body’s ability to protect against the atmosphere
none of the above

Which of the following is NOT a non-specific defence mechanism of the immune system?

histamine
inflammation
production of antibodies
fever

Which of the following CANNOT be categorised as a mechanical barrier of the immune system?

skin
blood
mucous membranes
urine

Which mechanical barriers can offer defence against bacteria in food?

saliva
stomach acid
both a) and b)
neither a) or b)

Which of the following statements is true?

the defensive functions of the lymphatic system are carried out largely by lymphocytes
T-cells and NK cells attack foreign substances directly
B-lymphocytes produce free antibodies to fight disease
all the above

What is the name given to a substance that a person can become sensitive to, and produce antibodies against?

interferon
antigen
thymosin
complement

What is the main difference between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity?

humoral immunity is a function of lymphocyte, but cell-mediated immunity is not
humoral immunity is specific, but cell-mediated immunity is non-specific
humoral immunity develops immunological memory
humoral immunity responds to free-floating antigens, whereas cell-mediated immunity responds to recognised antigens

How is it possible to artificially stimulate the body into producing antibodies?

by inoculating with a vaccine
by inducing a fever
by injecting a saline solution
none of the above

Of the following diseases, which have NOT had vaccines developed against them?

polio
measles
HPV
HIV

Which of the following is NOT part of the process called phagocytosis?

engulfment
digestion
attachment
recognition

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of inflammation?

necrosis
pain
redness
heat

Which of the following is an inflammatory disease?

meningitis
appendicitis
dermatitis
all the above

What is the main effect of histamine?

pain
fever
vaso-dilation
necrosis

What is Hodgkin’s disease?

a high fever
a bladder infection
a sexually transmitted disease
a malignant disease of the lymphatic tissues

In the case of a haemorrhage, how does the spleen react?

it releases extra blood into the circulation from its reservoir
it releases extra lymph
it doubles its production of lymphocytes
it recycles more red blood cells

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?

rheumatoid arthritis
systemic lupus erythematosus
Graves disease
all the above

Systemic lupus erythematosus is:

an acute inflammatory disease
a chronic inflammatory disease
an infectious disease
a malignant disease

What is the common name given to inflammation of the

nts?
arthritis
oedema
urticaria

psoriasis

What is an allergic reaction?
a hormonal response
an emotional response
hypersensitivity to an antigen

Which common allergic disorder was once known as ‘farmer’s lung’?

hay fever
asthma
eczema
dermatitis

It is known that exercise, massage and deep breathing can assist the lymphatic system by improving the flow of lymph around the body. What other activity can also benefit the lymphatic system:

brushing our hair 100 times every night
daily dry skin brushing
brushing our teeth twice a day
none of the above

The Lymphatic System & Immunity

The Lymphatic System & Immunity

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